a) Pure substance/Mixture
b) element/compound
c) atom/ion
d) heterogeneous/homogeneous mixture
2) Match the Column:
COLUMN - I
a) Pure substances which cannot be broken down into two or more simpler substances.
b) Elements which generally have lustre , are good conductors of heat and electricity and are malleable and ductile.
c) Elements to generally have properties mid-way between metals and nonmetals.
d) Elements which are chemically inactive, and occur in traces in the atmosphere.
e) Elements which generally lack luster, are non malleable and non ductile and bad conductors of heat and electricity.
COLUMN -II
i) Metals
ii) Noble gases
iii) Metalloids
iv) Elements
v) Non-metals
3) Name the following:
a) The most abundant element in the earth's crust.
b) A non-malleable, non-ductile metal.
c) A lustrous non-metal other than graphite.
d) A metalloid other than arsenic.
e) A noble gas also ejected out from the radioactive matter.
f) A non-metal liquid in nature.
g) A metal generally kept under kerosene.
h) A metal with poor electrical conductivity.
i) A element which is tetra-atomic.
j) A non metal with good electrical conductivity.
4) Matter is built up of elementary particles i.e., atoms, molecules or ion and substances are classified further into elements and compounds.
Match the particles of matter -- elements, compounds and mixtures in column -I with their correct term/s in column II
COLUMN I
a) sodium
b) bronze (alloy)
c) wood (cellulose)
d) petroleum
e) milk
f) petrol
g) Nascent chlorine(Cl)
h) Krypton (Kr)
i) graphite
j) chlorine gas
k) antimony(Sb)
l) magnesium
m) Cl¹⁻
n) Sea water
o) colouring matter in ink
COLUMN II
i) element
ii) compound
iii) mixture
iv) atom
v) molecule
vi) ion
vii) metalloid
viii) noble gas
5) State which of the characteristic below pertains to a mixture and which of them to a compound
a) Is a pure substance.
b) Consists of elements, compounds or both.
d) Is composed of two or more elements.
e) Constituents in it are mixed in any proportion.
f) Is composed of two or more substances.
g) Retains the properties of its constituents.
h) Constituents combined chemically in a fixed proportion.
i) Properties are different from the properties of the constituent elements.
6) You are provided with a magnet, Dil. HCl and carbon disulphide. Using the same, how would you distinguish between iron (II) sulphide and iron- sulphur mixture.
7) Give reason for the following:
a) Water is considered a compound while air is considered a mixture.
b) Milk is regarded as a mixture while sodium chloride as a compound.
8) State whether the following mixtures oare heterogeneous or heterogeneous.
a) Duralumin (alloy)
b) sugar in water.
c) sulphur dioxide in water.
d) Ammonia in air.
e) potassium and sodium chloride mixture.
9) Depending on state and nature, the constituents of a mixer can be separated from each other by the use of different physical methods. Match each of the physical methods A to J with the respective principle or methods involved in separation ranging from a to j.
Methods of separation
A) solvent extraction
B) chromatography
C) fractional crystallization
D) sublimation
E) filtration
F) sedimentation
G) evaporation
H) distillation
I) fractional distillation
J) separation funnel
a) Separation of one soluble solid from the other soluble solid one of which directly turns to vapour on heating.
b) Separation of an insoluble component from its liquid complaint by allowing the solid component to settle down.
c) Separation of soluble solid component of a mixture from its liquid constituent by evaporation of the liquid component followed by recondensation of the vapours obtained
d) Separation of two immiscible liquid components of a mixture which separate out due to difference in density.
e) Separation of a non-volatile component of a mixture from its liquid component by allowing the solvent to vaporize completely.
f) Separation of an insoluble solid constituent of a mixture from its liquid constituent by passage through a porous material.
g) Separation of two miscible liquid components which separate out due to difference in boiling points .
h) Separation of one insoluble solid component from other soluble solid component by using a particular liquid.
i) Separation of one soluble solid from the other soluble solid with widely different solubilities in a particular liquid.
j) Separation of dissolved constituent of a mixture based on the difference in adsorbent material.
10) Enlisted below are a number of given mixtures. Match each mixture with the relevant or preferred method of separation of the mixture given in column II.
COLUMN I
a) sulphur + iron filing
b) potassium nitrate+ potassium chlorate
c) Kerosene oil + water
d) chloroform + ethyl alcohol
e) Acetone + water
f) sodium chloride + calcium carbonate
g) Mercury + water
h) Potassium chloride + sodium nitrate
i) iron + copper filing
j) Zinc chloride + water
k) charcoal+ sulphur
l) Iodine+ chloroform
m) iodine + sand
n) nitrogen in liquid air
o) charcoal + sand
p) iodine+ alcohol
q) Ammonium chloride + Potassium chloride
r) iron filing + sulphur
s) common salt in sea water
t) Camphor+ impurities
u) Benzene+ water
v) Sawdust+ sand
w) colouring matter in ink
x) Methyl alcohol + ethyl alcohol
y) Lead chloride+ water
z) sulphur in carbon disulphide
a') rubber in benzene
b') Zinc nitrate + sulpher
COLUMN II
i) solvent extraction
ii) Fractional crystallization
iii) sublimation
iv) magnetic separation
v) sedimentation & decantation
vi) filtration
vii) evaporation
viii) distillation
ix) separating funnel
x) fractional distillation
xi) chromatography
11) Constituents of mixtures are separated using a number of different processes. Correlate each of the diagrams A, B, C, D, E and F, with the enlisted mixtures 1 to 6 which can be separated using the processes A to F. Also name the component X of the mixture 1 to 6 with reference to the diagram.
MIXTURE
1) iodine from a mixture of iodine and alcohol.
2) iodine from mixture of iodine and sand
3) Mercury from a mixture of Mercury and water.
4) sand from a mixture of sand and water.
5) Dyes in a solution of black ink.
6) Acetone from a mixture of Acetone and water.
12) Separation of the constituent of a mixture of gases involves different physical methods which include Diffusion , solubility in a solvent, preferential liquification etc. based on the physical properties of the involved gases .
State in each case the technique /method in the separation of the following gas mixture.
a) Hydrogen from mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.
b) Nitrogen from a mixture nitrogen and sulphur dioxide.
c) Carbon dioxide from a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen.
d) oxygen from a mixture of oxygen and chlorine.
e) Hydrogen from a mixture of hydrogen and ammonia.
13) Chromatography is a technique for separation and identification of substances present in complex mixtures, based on differences in adsorption of the different constituents on the surface of an adsorbent material.
a) Name two solvent generally used for the dissolving the mixture.
b) Name two adsorbent material or solid mediums.
c) Using an appropriate adsorbent medium and the requisite solvent state in about two steps how the coloured constituents present in an ink solution can be separated.
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