16/11/24
POLLINATION
1) Define pollination.
8) The following sentences describe the changes occurring in the flower after fertilization.
a) Label the parts 1 to 4.
2) How is self pollination different from cross pollination mention three advantages and to disadvantages of cross pollination.
3) Mention four characteristics of wind pollinated flowers.
4) What is meant by self pollination ? Mention its one disadvantages.
5) Explain the term fertilization.
6) What is double fertilization.
7) The diagram alongside shows the internal structure of gynoecium . Name the parts number 1 to 9.
Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words given here. (Ovary, stamens , seeds, ovules, petals, calyx, stigma, fruit)
a) The ______, ____, ____, style and ____ wither and generally fall off.
b) The ____may either fall off or may remain intact in a dried form.
c) The ____enlargest to form a ____, the ovarian wall forming the fruit wall.
d) ____ become the seeds.
9) With the help of suitable diagrams, briefly describe the process of fertilization.
10) Mention the fate of floral parts after fertilization.
11) Give appropriate terms for the following :
a) A flower which contains only stamens.
b) A flower which contains only carpels.
c) A condition in which sepals are fused.
d) A condition in which petals are free.
e) Arrangement of flowers on the twig.
f) Transference of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.
12) Explain briefly the idea contained in the following statements:
a) Certain plants have large, brightly coloured flowers which emit scent and produce nectar.
b) Some plants have small flowers will long hanging stamens , in which anthers are loosely attached to the filaments, and they produce pollen in large quantities.
c) Both male and female flowers are borne on the same plant, and the anthers and stigma mature at the same time.
13) Given in the diagram of the hydrophilous plant.
b) Label the two plants A and B as a male plant and female plant.
c) Mention two characteristics of the pollen grains.
26/10/24
PLANT TISSUE
1) The cells of a tissue are similar in structure but different and function.
2) Apical meristem is responsible for the elongation of the stem.
3) Meristem tissues can be called as growth tissues .
4) The meristematic cells are thick-walled.
5) The shoot apex contains lateral meristem.
6) Xylem and phloem are supporting tissues.
7) Phloem is made up of mainly dead cells.
8) Xylem helps to transport water in upward direction.
9) Phloem is present outside the xylem tissue.
10) Xylem and phloem consist of living cells.
11) Permanent tissue have definite form in size.
12) Meristematic tissue are also called growth tissues .
13) Intercalary meristem increases the diameter of the plant parts.
14) Parenchyma serves as the packing material in the body of an organism.
15) Sclerenchyma tissue is composed of live cells without any spaces in between.
16) Phloem is a living tissue while xylem is a dead tissue.
B) Name the simple permanent tissue which
a) is composed of thin-walled cells .
b) comprises dead cells
c) has cells with large spaces in between.
d) is made up of cells whose cell wall is thickened at corners.
e) is present in the hard coverings of nuts.
C) Choose the correct option.
1) The thin-walled living cells found in the soft parts of a plant are
a) parenchyma b) collenchyma c) xylem d) phloem
2) The plant tissue that helps in transportation of water is
a) xylem b) phloem c) sclerenchyma d) parenchyma
3) In potato, starch is stored in the
a) phloem b) parenchyma c) sclerenchyma d) chlorenchyma
4) Lignin is present in the cell walls of
a) sclerenchyma b) parenchyma c) chlorenchyma d) collenchyma
5) The cells of sclerenchyma are
a) living and thin-walled
b) living and thick-walled
c) dead and thin-walled
d) dead and thick-walled
D) Fill in the blanks with missing words.
1) Potato tubers store starch in_____ cells.
2) ____acts as cement and makes sclerenchyma hard.
3) Parenchyma containing chloroplasts is known as____
4) ____ tissue is responsible for the elongation of the stem .
5) The increase in the diameter the root occurs by the division of___ tissue.
E) Match the following:
Column A
1) Lignin deposit
2) Manufacture of food
3) Transportation of food
4) Base of leaves
5) Thickened corners
Column B
a) Collenchyma
b) intercalary meristem
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Chlorenchyma
e) Phloem
F) Pick the odd one out :
1) Meristem , parenchyma, apical, intercalary
2) Xylem, vascular, food, phloem.
3) Sclerenchyma , lignin, coconut, parenchyma.
4) Flexible , tissue, thickened corners , leaf stalk, thin-walled
G) Name the type of the tissue found:
1) At the top of the plant roots.
2) At the base of the leaves.
3) On the outer side of vascular bundle.
4) In the inner side of The vuscular bundle.
5) In the leaf stalks.
6) In the hard covering of seeds.
H) Identify the following tissue:
1) plyant tissue consisting of cells with thickened corners.
2) Permanent plant issue with intercellular spaces.
3) Plant tissue that has lost its stability to divide.
4) Simple permanent plant tissue consisting of cells with thick cell walls.
5) Tissue responsible for the transportation of water in plants.
I) Observe the figure carefully and answer the questions given below :
a) identify the tissue.
b) Write any two features by which you identified this tissue.
c) Where will you find this tissue ?
d) Give any two functions of this tissue.
e) Name two more tissues which have similar structure and function
16/8/24
Biology test
TEETH
1) Give the technical names for the following types of teeth in humans(on each side, in each jaw)
a) The three last grinders
b) The broad temporary (deciduous) grinding teeth
c) The pointed sharp cutting teeth.
d) The pointed tooth for holding and tearing.
2) Name the following parts of a tooth.
a) Part exposed above the gum.
b) The hard substance making the covering of the tooth.
c) The soft connective tissue contained in the central space of the tooth.
d) Bone like structure fixing the root in position.
e) Slight constriction between the root and the crown.
3) What is the dental formula of a normal human adult.
4) Study the diagram given below and then answer the following questions:
b) Identify the tooth and give a reason to support your answer.
c) Describe the structure of the part labelled 3
d) Give the total number of the type of tooth mentioned in 1 above, in the mouth of an adult and state its function.
5) Study the following dental formula and then answer the questions that follow:
i 3/4 c 0/0 pm 0/1 m 1/1
a) What is the total number of teeth in the
i) upper jaw
ii) lower jaw?
b) State the total number of teeth present in the dentition
c) Give the dental formula of an adult human being.
SECTION - A (Attempt all)
Question -1
a) Choose the correct word from the choice in bracket. (5)
i) A covalent molecule of oxygen contains [¹⁶₈O] contains ____ (1/2/3/4) electrons in the outer shell of each of the oxygen atoms, which are not involved in sharing.
ii) Molecular weight of oxygen is 32 g i.e., 1 molecule of oxygen is____ (64/16/32) times as heavy as 1/12th the mass of the carbon atom (C¹²).
iii) Efflorescent salt on exposure to the atmosphere, change from____ (amorphous to crystallization/ crystalline to amorphous) state.
iv) Temporary hardness is due to____(soluble/ insoluble) calcium & magnesium bicarbonate in water.
v) In double decomposition reactions between two compounds - base & acid - to give salt & water, there is an interchange of_____ (ions/ radicals/ molecules).
b) Identify the types of reactions A to E, by matching them with the reaction (i) to (v). (5)
A: Displacement reaction B: Thermal dissociation C: Reduction reaction D: Double decomposition reaction E: Photochemical reaction
i) 4AgBr ---> 2Ag₂Br + Br₂
ii) Mg + 2HCl(Dil)------> MgCl₂+ H₂
iii) Cu(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄(Dil)---> CuSO₄ + 2H₂O.
iv) NH₄Cl <=> NH₃ + HCl
v) 2FeCl₃ + H₂S ----> 2FeCl₂ + 2HCl + S
c) Match the names of compound interest Column A with their correct formulas for column B (5)
Column A
i) Iron(III) Chloride
ii) Iron(III) oxide
iii) iron (II) chloride
iv) iron (III) sulphate
v) iron(III )sulphide
Column -B
a) FeCl₂
b) Fe₃I₄
c) Fe₂O₃
d) FeCl₃
e) FeO
f) FeS
g) FeSO₄
h) Fe₂S₃
i) FeCl
j) FeS₂
k) Fe₂(SO₄)₃
d) Give reasons for the following: (2)
i) A saturated solution can be converted to an unsaturated solution by heating the saturated solutions slowly .
ii) Both precipitation and neutralization reactions are considered as a double decomposition reactions.
e) Choose the correct word or letter from the brackets to complete the sentence and write only that down as the answer. (2)
i) Ammonium sulphate is an example of a/an_____(hydrous /anhydrous/ crystalline) salt.
ii) The relative atomic mass of an element expressed in grams is known as- ____(a.m.u/ gram atom/ gram molecular mass).
f) Give balanced equation for the following conversations. (5)
i) zinc to sodium zincate.
ii) ozone to two molecules of Oxygen gas.
iii) hydrogen to ammonia.
iv) sulphur trioxide to sulphuric acid- a component of acid rain.
v) Iron to Iron(II ) chloride.
SECTION B
Question -2
Select the correct word from the words in bracket to complete each statement.
Any two (2)
i) If boiled water after filtering, lathers with soap, it is said to be sample of____( permanent/temporary) hard water.
ii) The formula of the phosphate radical is _____(PO₃³⁻/PO₄³⁻/PO₄²⁻).
iii) Components in a compound_____ (retained/do not retain) their original properties.
Question -3 any two (2)
i) Draw the atomic orbit structure of the formation of:
a) electrovalent compound- sodium chloride (Na=11, Cl=17)
b) covalent molecule - nitrogen (N=7)
ii) Name - a covalent molecules formed from two different elements, having a three single covalent bonds.
iii) Differentiate between-
Shared pair and loan pair of electrons with reference to -
Covalent molecule - water (H= 1, O= 8)
Question - 4 any two (2)
A) Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer from the choice A, B, C or D given below in each case.
i) The salt which is efflorescent and the residue after exposure is an anhydrate.
a) washing soda b) calcium chloride c) Glauber's salt d) iron(III) chloride
ii) The salt whose solubility in water decreases with rise in temperature.
a) calcium sulphate b) sodium nitrate c) potassium nitrate d) ammonium chloride
iii) The anhydrous salt which changes colour on reaction with water.
a) calcium sulphate b) sodium sulphate c) Cobalt chloride d) calcium chloride
Question - 5 Any two (2)
Select the correct answer from the words in brackets.
i) The formation of hydrogen and oxygen from acidified water is an example a/an
(photochemical reaction, electrochemical reaction, endothermic reaction)
ii) A reaction in which Mercury (II) oxide, breaks up on heating to give Mercury and oxygen is example of -
(thermal dissociation, thermal decomposition, displacement reaction)
iii) A neutralization reaction between lead hydroxide and nitric acid, results in formation of a/an -
(Soluble salt, insoluble salt)
Question - 6
A) Give balanced equations for the following direct combination reactions -between an acidic oxide and water to give the acids given below. (Any two (2))
i) sulphurous acid
ii) phosphoric acid
iii) carbonic acid
B) Underline the reduced product in each of the following reactions : Any one (1)
i) Cl₂ + 2H₂O + SO₂ --> 2HCl + H₂SO₄.
ii) Br₂ + H₂S ---> S + 2HBr.
C) Any one (2)
i) Calculate the percentage by weight of chromium in potassium dichromate. (K= 39, Cr= 52, O= 16)
ii) Calculate the relative molecular mass of CH₂O. (C= 12, H= 1, O= 16).
Question -7 Any three (3)
A) Give balanced equation for the following:
i) a direct combination reaction-- involving Phosphorus and a neutral gas.
ii) A direct combination reaction- involving pressure as one of the conditions of the reaction.
iii) A reaction of conversion of - calcium sulphate in permanent hard water to calcium carbonate using washing soda.
iv) conversion of zinc nitrate to insoluble zinc carbonate by a double composition reaction.
A) Match different types of chemical reactions in column II with the meaning of the type of reactions in colum I .
Column- I
1) A chemical reaction in which two or more elements or compounds react to form one new compound as a product.
2) A chemical reaction in which chemical compound decomposes or split up into two or more simpler substances. It is generally brought about by heat.
3) A chemical reaction which takes place when an element (or radical) has replaced another element in a compound.
4) A chemical reaction in which two reactants are both decomposed to form new substances by exchanging their radicals.
5) A chemical reaction which employs a catalyst to alter the rate of a reaction.
6) A chemical reaction in which the products formed react together to form the original reactants depending on the conditions of the reaction.
7) A reaction in which a substances dissociates into two or more simpler substances on application of heat and is a reversible reaction.
8) A reaction which involves addition of oxygen or electronegative element or removal of hydrogen or electropositive elements.
9) A reaction which involves addition of hydrogen or electropositive element or removal of oxygen or electronegative element.
10) A chemical reaction which proceeds with evaluation of heat energy.
11) A chemical reaction which proceeds with absorption of heat energy.
12) A chemical reaction which proceeds with absorption of light energy.
Column II
a) Double decomposition
b) Exothermic reaction
c) Reversible reaction
d) Displacement reaction
e) Combination or synthesis
f) Decomposition reaction
g) Thermal dissociation
h) Endothermic reaction
i) Catalytic reaction
j) Oxidation reaction
k) Photochemical reaction
l) Reduction reaction.
B) State the type of reaction/s to which each of the following belongs
1) Addition of a zinc to copper sulphate solution.
2) Heat on lead nitrate crystals .
3) Preparation of oxygen from Potassium chlorate.
4) Conversion of ferrous chloride to ferrous chloride is using chlorine.
5) Formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.
6) Liberation of hydrogen at the cathode from acidified water.
7) Manufacture of glucose by green plants.
8) Formation of nitric oxide from nitrogen and oxygen.
9) Addition of zinc to dilute sulphuric acid.
10) NH₄Cl <=> NH₃ + HCl.
11) 2KNO₃ ∆ ---> 2KNO₂ + O₂.
H₃PO₄
12) 2H₂O₂ --------> 2H₂O+ O₂.
13) PbBr₂ ----> Pb²⁺ + Br¹⁻(ions).
14) 2HgO ∆ ---> 2Hg + O₂.
15) N₂O₄ <==∆=> 2NO₂.
16) AgNO₃ + KCl ---> AgCl + KNO₃.
17) Fe + S ---> FeS.
ₛᵤₙₗᵢghₜ
18) H₂ + Cl₂ -------> 2HCl.
19) C + H₂O ---> CO + H₂ - ∆.
20) Cl₂ + 2KI ----> 2KCl + I₂.
21) 3Fe + 4H₂O <=∆=> Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂.
22) 2Cu + O₂ ---> 2CuO.
23) Fe₂O₃ + 2Al ----> Al₂O₃ + 2Fe.
24) KNO₃ + H₂SO₄ ---> HNO₃ + KHSO₄.
25) 2FeCk₂ + Cl₂ ----> 2FeCl₃.
26) Fe + H₂SO₄ ---> FeSO₄ + H₂.
27) SO₂ + Cl₂ ---> SO₂Cl₂.
28) 3Ca + N₂ ----> Ca₃N₂.
29) CuSO₄ + Fe ---> FeSO₄ + Cu.
30) 4HNO₃ ---> 2H₂O + 4NO₂ + O₂.
C) Oxidation and reduction reactions are generally termed as a redox reactions . In the examples given below underline the oxidised product or reduced product in the respective reactions. The circled substance is the oxidizing or reducing agent respectively.
oxidation reactions
1) Cu₂ + O₂ ---> 2CuO.
2) H₂S + Cl₂ ---> S + 2HCl.
3) 2FeCl₂ + Cl₂ --> 2FeCl₃.
4) SO₂ + H₂O + Cl₂ ----> H₂SO₄ + 2HCl.
5) H₂S + 2FeCl₃ ---> 2FeCl₂ + 2HCl + S.
6) Zn + H₂SO₄ ---> ZnSO₄ + H₂.
7) Fe + S ---> FeS.
8) 2Mg + SO₂ ---> 2MgO + S.
9) 2H₂S + SO₂ ---> 3S + 2H₂O.
10) S + 2H₂SO₄ ---> 3SO₂ + 2H₂O.
Reduction reactions
1) CuO + H₂ ---> Cu + H₂O.
2) Br₂ + H₂S -----> 2HBr + S.
3) 2FeCl₃ + H₂S ---> 2FeCl₂ + 2HCl + S.
4) 2HgCl₂ + SnCl₂ ---> Hg₂Cl₂ + SnCl₄.
5) 2FeCl₃ + SO₂ + 2H₂O ----> 2FeCl₂ + 2HCl + H₂SO₄.
6) Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 2H₂O + SO₂ ---> 2FeSO₄ + 2H₂SO₄.
7) Cl₂ + 2H₂O + SO₂ ---> 2HCl + H₂SO₄.
8) 2HNO₃ + SO₂ ---> 2NO₂ + H₂SO₄.
9) 2KMnO₄ + 2H₂O + 5SO₂ ---> 2MnSO₄ + K₂SO₄ + 2H₂SO₄.
10) K₂Cr₂O₇ + H₂SO₄ + 3SO₂ ----> Cr₂(SO₄)₃ + K₂SO₄ + H₂O.
D) Name the following:
1) A coloured gaseous oxidising agent.
2) A liquid oxidising agent with on thermal decomposition in presence of a catalyst liberates oxygen.
3) A gaseous reducing agent containing oxygen.
4) An acid other than nitric and Sulphuric Acid which is an oxidising agent.
5) A gaseous reducing agent neutral in nature other than carbon monoxide.
6) An oxidizing agent which liberates chlorine on heating with concentric hydrochloric acid.
7) Two neutral gases which react to give a basic gas and the reaction is exothermic.
8) Two neutral gases which react to give a neutral oxide and the reaction is exothermic.
9) A substance which decomposes by absorption of sound energy.
10) Two substances which react explosively on close physical contact.
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