MATTER

MATTER 

A) All material in the universe is made up of matter. In terms of 

i) space 

ii) mass

iii) weight 

iv) perceiveance by senses,

State the characteristics to show that the piece of 'wood' is considered as matter.

B) MATCH THE COLUMN 

Column - I 

1) Have a definite mass and volume but no definite shape.

2) Are not rigid at all, can flow and take up the shape and volume of the container in which they are stored.

3) Are almost in compressible.

4) Have a definite mass but no definite volume or shape 

5) Have low density and are highly compressible.

6) Have any number of free surfaces.

7) Have one upper surface .

8) Have no free surfaces.

9) Are very slightly compressible.

10) Have a definite mass, volume and shape.

Column - II 

A) Solids

B) Liquids

C) Gases.

C) MATCH THE COLUMN 

Column - I 

1) All matter in any state is composed of

2) The particles are arranged in an way such that they have existing between them.

3) The particles attract each other with a 

4) The inter-particle attractive forces, with increasing distance

5) The particles are in continuous motion in possess 

6) The particles interact and also possess

Column - II 

A) potential energy 

B) force 

C) spaces or gaps 

D) particles 

E) kinetic energy 

F) decreases 

D) Name the state of matter whose characteristic correlates on the basis of the kinetic theory (Solid.Liquid/Gas).

Characteristics on the basis of kinetic theory 

1)  Kinetic energy of molecules is least.

2) Inetermolecular spaces is maximum.

3) Inetermolecular force of attraction is negligible.

4) Particles closely packed and can vibrate about their mean positions only.

5) Particles show minimum compactness and are free to move in any direction.

6) Kinetic energy of molecules is very large.

7) Particles less compact, and molecules free to move within the particular states of matter, without leaving It, hence the particular state can flow and has a definite volume.

8) intermolecular force of attraction is maximum and intermolecular space is minimum.

E) The diagram given below represents interconversation of states of matter from 

a) solid to liquid state 

b) liquid to gaseous state 

c) solid to gaseous state.

a) Correlate the terms in column II with their meaning in column I .

COLUMN I

process of changes from

1) solid state to liquid state at a particular temperature.

2) Liquid state to solid state at a particular temperature.

3) liquid state to gaseous state.

4) gaseous state to liquid state without fall in temperature.

5) solid state directly to gaseous (vapour state) without changing into liquid state:

COLUMN II 

A) solidification 

B) melting 

C) Vaporization 

D) Sublimation 

E) Condensation 

b) Complete the blanks in the diagram given below with the terms representing interconversation states of matter i.e., terms A to E in column II above.

2)  Differentiate between the following terms.

a) Gaseous state and vapour state.

b) Sublimate and sublime.

c) Liquid and Fluid 

d) Matter and substance.

e) Fusion and vaporization.

3) Complete the statements pertaining to the interconversation of matter on the basis of kinetic theory by selecting the correct or appropriate word in each case.

a) Interconversion from solid to liquid state.

On heating a solid (at its melting point) the heat energy is absorbed/evolved and stored/transmitted as potential/kinetic energy. The inter-molecular distance increases /decreases and the intermolecular force of attraction decreases/increases. The molecules thus become comparatively free and the solid starts changing into the liquid state.

b) interconversion from liquid to gaseous state.

On heating a liquid (at its boiling point) the heat energy is evolved/absorbed and stored/transmitted as potential/kinetic energy. The energy increases/decreases the intermolecular distance and the force of attraction increases/ decreases drastically till it becomes almost zero/ negligible. The molecules thus become almost free and escape as gas or vapour .

c) Interconversion from gaseous to liquid state .

On liquification i.e., cooling a gas the Kinetic/potential energy is released in the form of heat/light energy. The  released energy causes a decrease/increase in the intermolecular distance and the force of attraction between the particles or molecules increases/decreases. The molecules thus come very close/ move apart and the gaseous state changes into the liquid state.

d)  Interconversion from solid to gaseous state

Sublimable solids e.g., iodine have very low/very high force of attraction between their molecules and have high/low potential energy stored in their molecules. On heating a sublimable solid, the intermolecular force of attraction is overcome almost completely/ to a small extent and the molecules escape from the surface of the solid in the form of vapour.

1) Define matter? State its important characteristics.

2) With reference to

A) density

B) rigidity

C) mass

D) volumes

E) shape

Differentiate solids from liquids

3) On the basis of kinetic theory explain why

A) solid have a fixed mass, volume and shape

B) liquids can flow easily

C) gases are highly compressible

D) solids have high density

E) gases have no free surface

4) What is meant by the term ' interconversion of matter'.

5) Define:

A) melting point

B) freezing

C) sublimation

D) liquefaction

E) vaporization

F) freezing point

G) boing point

6) On the basis of kinetic theory explain the following conversion of the states of matter:

A) solid to liquid (melting)

B) gas to liquid (liquefaction)

C) solid to gas (sublimation)

D) liquid to gas(vaporization)

E) liquid to solid(solidification)

7) Differentiate between

A) melting and freezing

B) Gas and vapour

C) boiling and evaporation