2) Define:
a) Pascal's Law.
b) Atmospheric pressure
c) Barometer
3) Name the factors which affect barometric height.
4) Name the factors which do not affect barometric height.
5) State three factors which determine the pressure of a fluid at a given point within the fluid.
6) Pressure in case of solids is inversely proportional to area of cross section. Does the above statement hold for a fluids? Explain your answer.
7) REASON:
a) Pressure of water on the first floor building is always less than pressure of water at the ground floor.
b) water tank in a locality is always at higher altitudes than building in the locality.
c) Sense of hearing is affected while rapidly gaining or losing height.
d) The nose of some people stars bleeding when an aeroplane climbs up rapidly.
e) A soda straw does not draw liquid, if there is a tiny hole near its upper end.
f) why do the bodies of deep sea fishes burst, on bringing them above the sea level?
g) Why does an ink pen start leaking at higher altitudes?
h) Why are special suits worn by astronauts while floating in space ?
i) why you are weather observation balloons filled partially with helium gas at ground level ?
j) why are two holes made in oil tin, to remove oil from it ?
k) why does not liquid run out of a dropper, unless rubber bulb is pressed ?
8) a) what unit does Pascal measure ?
b) State the law of transmission of pressure in liquids
c) A cylinder contains water up to the height of 40cm. If the density of water is 1000 kgm³ and acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s². Calculate the hydrostatic pressure exerted by water at the bottom of cylinder on its sides.
9) a) state whether the pressure acting at a point in a liquid is a scalar quantity or vector quantity.
b) a glass container contains a liquid of density P, when the height of liquid is H and acceleration due to gravity is G. If P' is the atmospheric pressure, calculate
i) the pressure on the free surface of the liquid.
ii) the total pressure at the base of container.
iii) what is the magnitude of lateral pressure at the base of liquid, on the inner side of container?
10) How does the fluid pressure on a balloon changes when:
a) balloon rises up from height of 200m to a height of 500m ?
b) balloon move horizontally at a height 200m ?
c) balloon is a brought down on the surface of earth ?
11) FILL IN THE BLANKS:
a) the pressure of the sea water for same depth is ___ than the river water (less/more)
b) The pressure of air ____as we move upward. (increases/ decreases)
c) The fluids exert ___pressure in all directions at a given point. (different/same)
d) The fluid pressure of liquid increases with increase in ____(depth/area of cross section)
e) the fluid pressure of atmosphere is measured in ____. This is equivalent to___ Pascals
12) State any two uses of hydraulic press.
13)a) what do you understand by the term atmospheric pressure
b) What is the cause of atmospheric pressure ?
c) State the numerical value of atmospheric pressure at sea level in
i) cm of Mercury
ii) Pascals
iii) bars
14) a) Name the instrument used for measuring the atmospheric pressure.
b) How will you set up such an instrument in a laboratory ?
c) State the precaution for the use of this instrument?
15) Explain the following
a) Why is water not a suitable barometric liquid ?
b) Why is mercury used as a baromatric liquid?
c) Name two factors which do not affect barometric height on a given place?
d) name four factors which affect barometric height at a given place.
16) a) Draw a neat fully labelled diagram of aneroid barometer.
b) Explain how aneroid barometer is used for.
i) Forecasting weather
ii) as an altimeter
17) State the forecast in the following situations.
a) air in hot and dry and atmospheric pressure falls suddenly.
b) air is humid and barometric pressure falls suddenly.
c) barometric pressure rises steeply.
d) barometric pressure does not change.
e) Barometric pressure falls gradually over number of days.
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